Can be defined as aggressive, calculated actions perpetrated by a group or an individual repeatedly and over time against a victim who cannot easily defend themselves. Bullying may be physical, verbal, emotional, or sexual in nature.

Physical bullying includes punching, pushing, hair pulling, beating, biting, choking, kicking, and damaging the victim’s property.

Verbal bullying includes unwanted name calling, gossip, and teasing.

Emotional bullying includes ostracizing; frightening; defaming; embarrassing; blackmailing; the grading or assessment of individual features such as physical limitations, height, weight, ethnicity, race or perceived sexual orientation; peer pressuring, isolating, etc.

Sexual bullying includes many of the items listed above as well as exhibitionism, voyeurism, sexual innuendos or comments, sexual harassment, sexual assault, and unwanted touching.

Cyberbullying involves bullying through the use of electronic media and devices, such as e-mail, text messages, social media, and/or other Internet-based platforms.

Bullying involves an imbalanced relationship between the perpetrator and the victim. The bully gains power, while victim loses power. Because of this, it is hard for the victim to deal with the problem. An imbalance of power can be created from physical strength, social status, etc. Power can also be gained as a result of understanding a person perceived weaknesses (e.g., appearance, disability, home life, personal characteristics, etc.) and using this knowledge against them.